[46] Ida McKinley developed epilepsy around the same time and depended strongly on her husband's presence. [161] McKinley came to office as a supporter of annexation, and lobbied Congress to act, warning that to do nothing would invite a royalist counter-revolution or a Japanese takeover. He lived there until age ten, when he moved with his family to nearby Poland, Ohio. [120] The Navy Department was offered to former Massachusetts Congressman John Davis Long, an old friend from the House, on January 30, 1897. Later, Dunham married Lolo Soetoro and had a daughter, Maya Soetoro-Ng. How many siblings did John D. Rockefeller have? [63], Recognizing McKinley's potential, the Democrats, whenever they controlled the Ohio legislature, sought to gerrymander or redistrict him out of office. [198] On November 6, 1900, he was proven correct, winning the largest victory for any Republican since 1872. Full text available online through academic libraries. It will bring to this country a prosperity unparalleled in our own history and unrivalled in the history of the world. Inaugurated president March 4, 1897, McKinley promptly called a special session of Congress to revise customs duties upward. was successful in getting all but one of the miners acquitted. William McKinley Sr.. McKinley won the entire Northeast and Midwest; he won 51% of the vote and an ample majority in the Electoral College. In 1896, a gold prospector gave McKinley's name to Denali, the tallest mountain in North America at 20,310 feet (6,190m). [222], President McKinley's funeral, 1901, part 1, President McKinley's funeral, 1901, part 2, President McKinley's funeral, 1901, part 3, In addition to the Canton site, many other memorials honor McKinley. [125] For most of McKinley's administration, George B. Cortelyou served as his personal secretary. How many children did James K. Polk have? When I saw him last I was convinced both of his perfect health, physically and mentally, and that the prospects of life were remarkably good. This article was most recently revised and updated by. McKinley biographer Margaret Leech noted that Canton had become prosperous as a center for the manufacture of farm equipment because of protection, and that this may have helped form his political views. How many siblings did Frederick Banting have? How many siblings did Winston Churchill have? If such a thing were possible, it would not be best for us or for those with whom we deal. How many siblings does Jimmy Carter have? [130][131], In January 1898, Spain promised some concessions to the rebels, but when American consul Fitzhugh Lee reported riots in Havana, McKinley agreed to send the battleship USS Maine. [35] The next day, they moved north up the valley into winter quarters near Kernstown. To drive their point home, they hired young partisans to pretend to be peddlers, who went door to door offering 25-cent tinware to housewives for 50 cents, explaining the rise in prices was due to the McKinley Tariff. Rapid economic growth marked McKinley's presidency. Harrietwas born on July 9 1865, in Upper Nelson, NB., Canada. When Blaine said he was not a candidate, Foraker returned to Sherman, but the nomination went to former Indiana senator Benjamin Harrison, who was elected president. In his final speech, McKinley urged reciprocity treaties with other nations to assure American manufacturers access to foreign markets. Birthplace: Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. How many siblings did Queen Elizabeth I have? How many siblings did Martha Washington have? He loved baseball, and he was a good second baseman and a power hitter. [6], In 1852, the family moved from Niles to Poland, Ohio, so that their children could attend its better schools. New Lisbon, Columbiana Co., OH. McKinley was reluctant, stating to one Roosevelt booster, "I want peace and I am told that your friend Theodore is always getting into rows with everybody." [56], From his first term in Congress, McKinley was a strong advocate of protective tariffs. How many siblings did William Blake have? How many siblings did John Quincy Adams have? [75] Although McKinley believed that the health of the nation depended on that of business, he was evenhanded in dealing with labor. Born in the Mount Auburn section of Cincinnati, Ohio, on September 15, 1857, William Howard Taft was a physically active child, playing sports and taking dancing lessons despite his tendency to obesity. [46] Their first child, Katherine, was born on Christmas Day 1871. His achievements were cut short when he was fatally shot on September 6, 1901, by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. [26] McKinley and his comrades saw little action until July 1863, when the division skirmished with John Hunt Morgan's cavalry at the Battle of Buffington Island. [142] Dewey's overwhelming victory expanded the scope of the war from one centered in the Caribbean to one that would determine the fate of all of Spain's Pacific colonies. Promoted second lieutenant for his bravery in the Battle of Antietam (1862), he was discharged a brevet major in 1865. [38] Just before the war's end, McKinley received his final promotion, a brevet commission as major. By the time McKinley took the oath of office as president, many Americansinfluenced greatly by the sensationalistic yellow journalism of the Hearst and Pulitzer newspaperswere eager to see the United States intervene in Cuba, where Spain was engaged in brutal repression of an independence movement. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. He pointed to McKinley's success at building an electoral coalition that kept the Republicans mostly in power for a generation. His death led to the rise of his vice president, Theodore Roosevelt. [20] The regiment resumed its advance that spring with Hayes in command (Scammon led the brigade) and fought several minor engagements against the rebel forces. Historic recording of William McKinley. He enlisted as a private during the Civil War and distinguished himself in action earning the rank of major in 1865. [203] After hearing a speech by anarchist Emma Goldman in Cleveland, Czolgosz had decided to take action that he believed would advance the cause. [170] McKinley was satisfied with the terms, but the Senate rejected them, demanding that the United States be allowed to fortify the canal. How many siblings did William Harvey have? They were printed and distributed by the million but the people hankered for more. She remained in Canton for the remainder of her life, setting up a shrine in her house and often visiting the receiving vault, until her death at age 59 on May 26, 1907. His loving family provided William Jr., the seventh of eight children, with a fun-filled childhood that was also carefully guided by his parents. William McKinley was born on Jan. 29, 1843, in Niles, Ohio. [224] McKinley biographer Kevin Phillips suggests that the significant number of major memorials to McKinley in Ohio reflect the expectation among Ohioans in the years after McKinley's death that he would be ranked among the great presidents. When William McKinley was born on 10 August 1744, in Abbeville, South Carolina, British Colonial America, his father, John McKinley, was 24 and his mother, Esther Shanklin, was 17. Other McKinley appointees who later became major figures include Day, whom Roosevelt elevated to the Supreme Court where he remained nearly 20 years, and William Howard Taft, whom McKinley had made Governor-General of the Philippines and who succeeded Roosevelt as president. How many siblings did Warren G. Harding have? [92], By the time the national convention began in St. Louis on June 16, 1896, McKinley had an ample majority of delegates. Overview For a long time, William McKinley was considered a mediocre President, a chief executive who was controlled by his political cronies and who was pressured into war with Spain by the press. Nearly a million dollars was pledged by contributors or allocated from public funds for the construction of McKinley memorials in the year after his death. How many siblings did Catherine of Aragon have? McKinley went on to win the nomination easily. Husband of Margaret McKinley. The nation focused its attention on the casket that first lay in the East Room of the Executive Mansion and then laid in state in the Capitol before being transported to Canton by train. William McKinley: Many U.S. president have had unusual or amusing nicknames, such as 'Landslide Lyndon' and 'Napoleon of the Stump.' William McKinley's nickname was 'the Napoleon of Protection' because of his role in enacting numerous protective trade tariffs. [5] He was a lifelong pious Methodist. [19] McKinley spent the winter substituting for a commissary sergeant who was ill, and in April 1862 he was promoted to that rank. He warned against foreign interventions, "We want no wars of conquest. William R. Day agreed to serve as secretary until the war's end. [27] Early in 1864, the Army command structure in West Virginia was reorganized, and the division was assigned to George Crook's Army of West Virginia. There was a 10 year age gap between the siblings. [107], McKinley always thought of himself as a tariff man and expected that the monetary issues would fade away in a month. [237], A controversial aspect of McKinley's presidency is territorial expansion and the question of imperialism; with the exception of the Philippines, granted independence in 1946, the United States retains the territories taken under McKinley. When William Ivy McKinley was born on 1 January 1779, in County Monaghan, Ireland, his father, M McKinley, was 50 and his mother, F McKinley, was 49. Who were William McKinley's siblings? [241], William McKinley Monument by Hermon MacNeil in front of the Ohio Statehouse, Columbus, McKinley Monument by Alexander Phimister Proctor in front of Buffalo City Hall, Buffalo, Louisiana Purchase Exposition stamp (1904) honoring McKinley, who had signed a bill authorizing a subsidy for that upcoming event, McKinley Monument in front of Lucas County Courthouse, Toledo. Father of Esther McKinley; John McKinley; Stephen A. McKinley; Thomas McKinley; David McKinley and 2 others. [223], McKinley's biographer H. Wayne Morgan remarks that McKinley died the most beloved president in history. "[89], The bosses still hoped to deny McKinley a first-ballot majority at the convention by boosting support for local favorite son candidates such as Quay, New York Governor (and former vice president) Levi P. Morton, and Illinois Senator Shelby Cullom. [80] The total owed was over $100,000 (equivalent to $3million in 2021) and a despairing McKinley initially proposed to resign as governor and earn the money as an attorney. Specialists were summoned; although at first some doctors hoped that McKinley might survive with a weakened heart, by afternoon they knew that the case was hopeless. The final 1:08 of this sound file (starting at 5:40) contains an excerpt from one of his 1896 campaign speeches. McKinley senior operated foundries throughout Ohio, in New Lisbon, Niles, Poland, and finally Canton. The issue bitterly divided the Democratic Party; President Cleveland firmly supported the gold standard, but an increasing number of rural Democrats wanted silver, especially in the South and West. "A Congressional Response to a Stress Situation: Party Voting in the Mckinley Era" (The University of Iowa; Proquest Dissertations Publishing, 1970. Birth State: Ohio. How many siblings did Calvin Coolidge have? The silverites took control of the 1896 Democratic National Convention and chose William Jennings Bryan for president; he had electrified the delegates with his Cross of Gold speech. [229] Kenneth F. Warren emphasizes the national commitment to a pro-business, industrial, and modernizing program represented by McKinley. [76] He procured legislation that set up an arbitration board to settle work disputes and obtained passage of a law that fined employers who fired workers for belonging to a union. Critics replied by saying that he could at least publicly condemn such events, as Harrison had done. Favorite pamphlets became dog-eared, grimy, fell apart as their owners laboriously restudied their arguments and quoted from them in public and private debate. [217] Approximately 100,000 people passed by the open casket in the Capitol Rotunda, many having waited hours in the rain. His dignified demeanor and subtle operations keep him somewhat remote from public perception. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [9], When the Southern states seceded from the Union and the American Civil War began, thousands of men in Ohio volunteered for service. How many children did president John Tyler have? I have to think when I speak. But he is once again at the center of events, where he started. Hanna approached them for support for his strategy to win the election, and they gave $3.5million for speakers and over 200million pamphlets advocating the Republican position on the money and tariff questions. William McKinley was born on January 29, 1843, in the small town of Niles, Ohio. Backed by Hanna's money and organizational skills, McKinley quietly built support for a presidential bid through 1895 and early 1896. How many siblings did Rutherford B. Hayes have? It is manifest destiny. [197] Bryan's campaigning failed to excite the voters as it had in 1896, and McKinley never doubted that he would be re-elected. [215], According to Gould, "The nation experienced a wave of genuine grief at the news of McKinley's passing. [53] The young congressman broke with Hayes on the question of the currency, but it did not affect their friendship. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. We must avoid the temptation of territorial aggression. Ohio History Central - Biography of William McKinley Jr. Spartacus Educational - Biography of William McKinley, William McKinley - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), William McKinley - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), presidency of the United States of America (1897-1901), John William Griggs (from February 1, 1898), Ethan Allen Hitchcock (from February 20, 1899). Although the president received a rapturous reception from Southern whites, many blacks, excluded from official welcoming committees, felt alienated by the president's words and actions. [150] The next day, Spain's Caribbean squadron, which had been sheltering in Santiago's harbor, broke for the open sea and was destroyed by the North Atlantic Squadron in the largest naval battle of the war. William McKinley was the seventh of eight children born to William McKinley Sr. and his wife Nancy. [160] There was strong American support for annexation, and the need for Pacific bases in wartime became clear after the Battle of Manila. This article is about the president of the United States. William McKinley was the 25th president of the United States, holding that office from 1897-1901. [105] Even today, these depictions still color the images of Hanna and McKinley: one as a heartless businessman, the other as a creature of Hanna and others of his ilk.[106]. How many siblings did Ernest Shackleton have? [234], Phillips writes that McKinley's low rating is undeserved, and that he should be ranked just after the great presidents such as Washington and Lincoln. In 1880, he served a brief term as Ohio's representative on the Republican National Committee. Recent historiography emphasizes the humanitarian motivations for the initial war decision. [44] In 1869, McKinley ran for the office of prosecuting attorney of Stark County, an office that had historically been held by Democrats, and was unexpectedly elected. McKinley married Ida Saxton (Ida McKinley) in 1871. Once there, they crowded close to the front porchfrom which they surreptitiously whittled souvenirsas their spokesman addressed McKinley. In biased reporting and through the sharp cartoons of Homer Davenport, Hanna was viciously characterized as a plutocrat, trampling on labor. Abigail-died as an infant-no descendants Anna and Helen-never married-no descendants Mary married, but had no children-no descendants He met Nancy Allison there and they later married. [199], Soon after his second inauguration on March 4, 1901, William and Ida McKinley undertook a six-week tour of the nation. How many siblings did Thomas Jefferson have? A Republican, McKinley was the last president to have served in the American Civil War; he was the only one to begin his service as an enlisted man, and end as a brevet major. Although Hanna remained active in business and in promoting other Republicans, in the years after 1888, he spent an increasing amount of time boosting McKinley's political career. How many siblings did James Weldon Johnson have? QUICK FACTS. U.S. Presidents and Their Years in Office Quiz, https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-McKinley, The White House - Biography of William McKinley, National Museum of the United States Army - Biography of William McKinley. Although no declared Republican candidate opposed Harrison, many Republicans were ready to dump the president from the ticket if an alternative emerged. McKinley drifted in and out of consciousness all day, but when awake he was a model patient. "[100] Instead of going to the people, McKinley would remain at home in Canton and allow the people to come to him; according to historian R. Hal Williams in his book on the 1896 election, "it was, as it turned out, a brilliant strategy. 28166006). Both his parents were of English and Scots-Irish ancestry. [79], Soon after Cleveland's return to office, hard times struck the nation with the Panic of 1893. Cheering crowds throughout the journey attested to McKinleys immense popularity. He married Mary Siplin Beatty in 1770, in Abbeville, Abbeville, South Carolina, United States. [26] When they arrived in Columbus, Governor David Tod surprised McKinley with a commission as second lieutenant in recognition of his service at Antietam. [156] Spain ultimately agreed to a ceasefire on those terms on August 12, and treaty negotiations began in Paris in September 1898. [206] McKinley was taken to the exposition aid station, where the doctor was unable to locate the second bullet. The governor had never kept track of what he was signing; he believed Walker a sound businessman. His death led to the. Hanna urged McKinley to match Bryan's tour with one of his own; the candidate declined on the grounds that the Democrat was a better stump speaker: "I might just as well set up a trapeze on my front lawn and compete with some professional athlete as go out speaking against Bryan. The United States victory was quick and decisive. Yet domestic issues would play only a minor role in the McKinley presidency. [113][114] The voting patterns established then displaced the near-deadlock the major parties had seen since the Civil War in the Third Party System. Under free trade the trader is the master and the producer the slave. Birth Year: 1843. The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a United States territory. Zillow has 2400 homes for sale. Name: William McKinley. [49] By that time, Hayes had been nominated for president, and McKinley campaigned for him while running his own congressional campaign. Best Known For: William . According to historian Stanley Jones in his study of the 1896 election, Another feature common to the Reed and Allison campaigns was their failure to make headway against the tide which was running toward McKinley. 10687965). [141], Within a fortnight, the navy had its first victory when Commodore George Dewey, destroyed the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines.