But, given that in a Christian society in the 17th century suicide was a mortal sin, Senecas fate is massaged. [25] They were printed in an edition with most of the Seneca's other works, and with works by the elder Seneca. 16.10.2018 - 20.01.2019, Rubens Inscribed "Effigies Nicolai Poussini Andelyensis Pictoris Anno Aetatis 56 Romae Anno Iubilei 1650" Painted for his friend Paul Frart de Chantelou. Daz Padrn, Matas, El siglo de Rubens en el Museo del Prado: catlogo razonado, II, Prensa Ibrica, Barcelona, 1996, pp. dal Pozzo collection. Though there is, it seems, one work of art that does not dissemble: Victor's own Poussin, a small painting called ''The Death of Seneca. [2] Letter 67 refers to the end of a cold spring and is thought (to allow forty-three intervening letters) to have been written the following year. Pendant to, Possibly Dal Pozzo collection, reappeared in 1939. Discover a selection of databases online presenting works from the Petit Palaisor documents concerning the history of the museum. Braunschweig Madrid The Death of Seneca. Tokio [24], The letters were first printed at Naples in 1475. Collection of the ducs d'Orlans before 1727. Querell is a cold, sly, slightly reptilian Roman Catholic writer. The numbers refer to the two last 'catalogues raisonns' cited in the sources: Thuillier 1994 and Blunt 1966. [4] Aulus Gellius (mid-2nd-century) quotes an extract from the "twenty-second book", so some letters are missing. After being acquired for the Museum of Painting and Sculpture in 1873, it was transferred to the Museum of Modern Art. John Mullan is professor of English at University College London. Ker's book on Seneca received the 2009 American Publishers Award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence in Classics and Ancient History. 187. over which the electrical charge plays, leaping from one cell to another, gathering force and direction as it goes. [16] He emphasizes the Stoic theme that virtue is the only true good and vice the only true evil. Cut up during the 18th century. 5256) to have been around spring of the year 62. Passed into the dOrlans collection, which was broken up in England in 1798. Acquired by the Louvre in 1869, This page was last edited on 19 March 2023, at 19:17. Paseo del Prado s/n. With Latin and Greek, were dealing with fairly unique languages with a unique history of teaching methods that are necessarily antiquated, says the professor of classical studies. Acquired by The Fitzwilliam Museum in 2012. dal Pozzo collection. [5] However since the fire of Lyon mentioned in letter 91 took place less than a year before Seneca's death (in spring 65) the number of missing letters is not thought to be very many. The historian Tacitus records that he died slowly but fearlessly in the presence of friends and family, dictating his final thoughts to nearby scribes. [23], Michel de Montaigne was influenced by his reading of Seneca's letters,[26] and he modelled his Essays on them. Poussin, Ballet, and the Birth of French Classicism Emily A. Beeny Submitted in partial fulfillment . It is a dramatic episode, recounted by Tacitus in his Annals. On the right, a disciple writes down the last words of the philosopher, whose demise is an example of the highest moral virtue in the face of tyranny. La muerte de Sneca. In The Deaths of Seneca, Ker pulls together accounts by ancient historians of Seneca's self-killing with the writings of Seneca and the 2,000-year tradition of interpretation to explore the meaning and legacy of this classical Roman philosopher. Stoicism. Formerly in the collection of the earls of Yarborough, Sarasota (Florida), John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art. Otra [pintura], copia buena de Rubens, con Seneca quando le desangraron, de dos varas y tercia de alto, y vara y media de ancho300, 862 Catlogo de pinturas. Londres, 1986, pp. Nm. Commissioned by Barberini to be given to the ambassador of the. Infected, rather, with the antic spirit of Samuel Beckett and Flann O'Brien, they teem with life and humor, with vivid characters Arts | have given myself over to such an essentially vulgar ideology.'' 384. Museo Nacional del Prado, Museo del Prado: inventario general de pinturas, III, Museo del Prado, Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1996. Parece una danza enrgica; el personaje de la derecha sostiene un membranfono entre sus manos alzadas, lo que significa que estara acompandose a s mismo y al otro danzante con un pandero o pandereta, como era habitual en las escenas clsicas de bacanal. Diez, J.L; Barn, J., El siglo XIX en el Prado, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid, 2007, pp. Obras depositadas en Almera y Jan. this one (''The Book of Evidence,'' ''Ghosts'' and ''Athena''), he elaborates on these concerns through a central character called Freddie Montgomery. Yes, dearie, swooned quite away'' -- and what follows will be his reminiscences of a life spent largely among the sort of people one meets in the novels of Evelyn Waugh. 62 Muerte de Sneca. Science | ''I thought, God forgive me, of what I truly loved. Inv. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Palace of Versailles, France, 1669-85 French Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism, Nicolas Poussin, The Death of Germanicus, 1627-28, oil on canvas French Baroque, Nicolas Poussin, Landscape with St. John on Patmos, 1640, oil on canvas French Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism and more. del Colegio de Sordomudos, Madrid, 1899, pp. In The Deaths of Seneca, classics scholar James Ker presents the first comprehensive cultural history of Seneca's death "from the first century to the present." Blunt, a homosexual esthete of the 1930's generation at Cambridge, was a distinguished English art historian, an expert on Poussin, Front, lower right corner, T. 384. Codex Quirinianus (or Brixiensis), Q, is a 9th or 10th century manuscript from the Biblioteca Queriniana, Brescia containing letters 1120.12. Scorning imperial power, the philosopher decided to take his own life. / DOMINGUEZ Y SNCHEZ (D. Manuel) [] 77.- La muerte de Sneca. Parece una danza enrgica; el personaje de la derecha sostiene un membranfono entre sus manos alzadas, lo que significa que estara acompandose a s mismo y al otro danzante con un pandero o pandereta, como era habitual en las escenas clsicas de bacanal. and the distilled water of pure theory and connect up your points and with a flash and a shudder the patched-together monster of commitment, sutures straining and ape brow clenched, rises in jerky slow motion from Dr. Diabolo's operating cit., p. 72 note, cole nationale suprieure des beaux-arts, Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, Rhode Island School of Design Museum of Art, Old masters gallery of the Lande of Hesse, William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, The Seven Sacraments I: The Commissioning, La Mort de Chion, un deuxime Poussin acquis par le muse des beaux-arts de Lyon, La Mort de la Vierge de Poussin restaure, Chroniques dacquisitions annonces: Poussin pour Montpellier et Ingres pour le Louvre, 5093/Lot53 Christie's Sale 5093, Lot 53, Olivier Bonfait, 'Poussin aujourd'hui, art. La muerte de Sneca' En:, El rescate de la Antigedad clsica en Andaluca, Fundacin Focus-Abengoa, Sevilla, 2008, pp. Daz Padrn, Matas, Museo del Prado. Colecciones de Pintura, Lunwerg Editores, Barcelona, 1994, pp. In addition, a quite plausible theory is put forward as to why Victor Maskell (and Anthony Blunt) was unmasked when he was. In this story, Socrates has been convicted of corrupting the youth . Pauline survives and is spared by the emperor. First, the joy of finding it, early in his career, in a dusty stack at the back of a gallery: ''And then there it was, in its chipped gilt frame, with a cracked coating of varnish that made it seem as 2285 quotes from Seneca: 'Sometimes even to live is an act of courage.', 'True happiness is to enjoy the present, without anxious dependence upon the future, not to amuse ourselves with either hopes or fears but to rest satisfied with what we have, which is sufficient, for he that is so wants nothing. Nm. [17] In letter 33 he stresses that the student must begin to make well-reasoned judgements independently. In 1979, he was exposed in Parliament by Margaret Thatcher Lopez Navio, Jose, La Gran Coleccion de Pinturas del Marques de Leganes, [s.n], Madrid, 1962, pp. In one episode, Leo Rothenstein, a wealthy leftist friend of Maskell's from undergraduate days, lends him 200 at a party to buy a Poussin. The Triumph of the Eucharist, Commented works: El Duque de Lerma, de Rubens, Commented works: Nymphs and Satyrs, Rubens (1615), Commented works: The Five Senses, Peter Paul Rubens and Jan Brueghel the Elder, (1617), by Alejandro Vergara, Prometheus Bound, Peter Paul Rubens and Frans Snyders, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Commented works: Saint George Battles the Dragon, Rubens (1606-1608), Commented works: Sight, by Jan Brueghel and Peter Paul Rubens, Natural Histories. Nm. SECCIN DE PINTURA EN SUS DIVERSAS CLASES, DIBUJOS Y GRABADOS EN LMINAS. n16332 (862). Sold at auction for $6.7 million to a private buyer in January 1999, Located in Paris in 1674, then Potsdam in 1773, Acquired by the French royal collection before 1683. Paid 70 cus for it on 2 September 1634 by a close contact of the pope. Separated from the rest of the series following a sale in 1939, Appeared in the middle of the 18th century, Acquired by Augustus III of Saxony in Paris in 1742, Belonging to a series of paintings of hermits commissioned from artists resident in Rome by, Possibly from the Dal Pozzo collection, reappeared in 1939. Nm. Serena listens while Victor dishes. Poussin spent most of his life in Rome, where he developed a classical style that strongly influenced both French and Italian art. At the time of its destruction in 1855, it had 264 residents,. Painted for a treasurer in Lyon, Mercier. Early copy at the, Painted for the Lyon silk merchant Reynon, acquired by Armand Jean de Vignerot du Plessis then by the French royal collection in 1665, Painted for Reynon. dal Pozzo collection. 384 / Autor = Dn Manuel Dominguez / Un cuadro en lienzo; Seneca, despues de abrirse las venas / se mete en un bao y sus amigos, poseidos de dolor, juran odio / neron que decret la muerte de su Maestro. My soul. The identity of the classical sculpture that inspired The Death of Seneca was soon called into question. Daz Padrn, Matas, La Escuela Flamenca del Siglo XVII, Ediciones Alfiz, Madrid, 1983, pp. Paseo del Prado s/n. Pantorba, B. de, Historia y crtica de las Exposiciones Nacionales de Bellas Artes, Jess Ramn Garca Rama, Madrid, 1980, pp. Museo Nacional del Prado, Museo del Prado: inventario general de pinturas (I) La Coleccin Real, Museo del Prado, Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1990, pp. By Joseph Phelan. English: Death of Sneca: The full title given by the painter was: Seneca, after opening his veins, goes into a bathroom and his friends, possessed of pain, & swear hatred to Nero who decreed the death of his master. Click here to see the machine readable JSON data that underpins this page. Collection of the duc de Richelieu, acquired by Louis XIV in 1665, Acquired by Catherine II of Russia in 1772 on the advice of, Entered the French royal collection in 1685, Saint-Petersburg, Hermitage Museum 185/23. All rights reserved, dcouvrir les chefs-duvre du Petit Palais, City of Paris municipal collection's website, Access the Museums of the City of Paris collections portal. The Death of Socrates (French: La Mort de Socrate) is an oil on canvas painted by French painter Jacques-Louis David in 1787. Ancho 4'50 metros. 51. Nick Brevoort is for years Victor's best friend, a beautiful young man who in later life will turn into a fat, red-jowled Tory The painting shows the moment when Seneca lies in the bathtub, surround by his weeping friends. Seneca: Ad Lucilium Epistulae Morales Volume I, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Epistulae_Morales_ad_Lucilium&oldid=1148440102. | The Death Of Seneca by Jacques Louis David - Artvee Collect Standard, 1800 x 1417px JPG, Size: 2.09 MB Download Max Size, 6354 x 5003px JPG, Size: 24.59 MB Download License: All public domain files can be freely used for personal and commercial projects. Museo Nacional del Prado. After the death of his wife in 1664, Poussin's health rapidly deteriorated and he died in 1665 at the age of 71. The history of this death scene also offers a window on the ways death and suicide have been viewed in the Western tradition, from the 'Roman death' as a liberation to modern movements on assisted suicide. London, Dulwich Picture Gallery and Paris, Dal Pozzo collection. The greatest blessings of mankind are within us and within our reach. Given to the Museum by Samuel Sachs in 1942, Cambridge (Massachusetts), Fogg Art Museum, Possibly painted for Dal Pozzo's funerary chapel in the basilica of, Painted for Giulio Rospigliosi. He meets his Russian control in seedy London pubs. / Alto 7 pies, 2 pulg; ancho 4 pies, 3 pulg. "I'm hoping that readers across various fields in the humanities will find it useful," says Ker of his scholarship, "and that students of ancient Rome will find it instructive to learn how later readers reinvented this part of the classical tradition.". Una escena con dos danzantes femeninas est representada en la cenefa pintada por encima del humeante brasero. Mapelli Lopez, Luis, Iconografia de Seneca y Otros Estudios Afines, Ayuntamiento.Diputacion Provincial, Cordoba, 1978. His thoughts are directed to Serena Vandeleur, a young "Looking at the death scene offers a window on the ways in which Seneca has been re-imagined," Ker explains. Catalogo Provisional del Museo de Arte Moderno, Imp. by Carina Barbosa. Dal Pozzo collection. Upper and lower portions cut off. 234-237. thrust into bewildering and sometimes absurd situations -- a tendency that's only somewhat subdued here, where the dominant register is a sort of confessional realism. Logan, Anne Marie, Peter Paul Rubens the Drawings, Metropolitan Museum of D'Art, New York, 2005, pp. the real clearly doomed to failure -- ideal conditions for a spy story with an unreliable narrator at the controls. The Roman philosopher Seneca was accused of taking part in a conspiracy against Nero, and was ordered to commit suicide.Seneca accepted the sentence and his wife chose to die with him.The husband and wife open their veins, but death does not follow swiftly. Both paintings marked the return of classical themes to Spanish history paintings, with subjects that offered exemplary moral precepts no spectator could disdain. Acquired by the dukes of Rutland in 17841785. Lozoya, Juan de Contreras y Lpez de Ayala, Marqus de, Historia del arte hispnico, V, Salvat, Barcelona, 1949, pp. The letters focus on many traditional themes of Stoic philosophy such as the contempt of death, the stout-heartedness of the sage, and virtue as the supreme good. Victor tells us that self-revelation is like the restoration of a painting: ''I shall strip away layer after layer of grime -- the toffee-colored varnish and caked soot left by a lifetime of dissembling -- until I come to the very thing itself It remained in the Palazzo Giustiniani until . 2284. / Con marco / Alto 2,70 Ancho 4,50. The composition, with figures crowded together near the front, is based on Roman sarcophagus reliefs. 31.10.2007 - 20.04.2008, La pintura de historia del Siglo XIX en Espaa The jury was not convinced by Davids painting and yet the young painter was already submitting work for the third time. "But Seneca made something of a performance of his death: at his suburban villa outside of Rome he opened his veins, took hemlock and died only after a steam bath." The collections portal can be used to search the collections of Pariss 14 municipal museums (approximately 336,000 works, including 43,000 belonging to the Petit Palais). Inv. Inscribed in orange. Inscribed in white. Discover the collections of all the city of Paris' museums. curator of the Queen's art collection and director of the Courtauld Institute of Art. Originally used for Bacchus-Erigone, then painted over by Poussin with a Bacchus-Apollo. What do historians lose with the decline of local news. He was a tutor and later an advisor to Nero. public. 384 / Autor = Dn Manuel Dominguez / Un cuadro en lienzo; Seneca, despues de abrirse las venas / se mete en un bao y sus amigos, poseidos de dolor, juran odio / neron que decret la muerte de su Maestro. . De Constantia (On Constancy), published in 1583, is perhaps his most influential and celebrated work. Bought by the National Gallery in 1831. Escuela flamenca, Museo del Prado; Patrimonio Nacional de Museos, Madrid, 1975, pp. Such is the convoluted course of artistic inspiration and the contingency of historical fact. There is, however, far more to Rubens widely imitated masterpiece of 1614 than meets the eye: the origins of this visual image of Senecas suicide trace a tortuous path. [19] For a long time the letters did not circulate together; instead they appear as two distinct groups: Letters 1 to 88 and Letters 89 to 124. She knew many other mothers who had lost their sons; why should she expect her own son to survive her? The Roman Stoic philosopher transformed into a symbol of Christian suffering. 156. Ancho 4'50 metros. My self.'' Pendant to, Sold for 70 cus on 28 October 1640. The city of Rome was saddened by his death and there followed a large procession to . In the first of these books, It is not glamorous. Fernndez Lacomba, Juan, 'Pedro Pablo Rubens. dal Pozzo collection. 384. There is also an energetic private life: an initiation into the gay world of the time, after which a love story unfolds. He is an old man now; at times, in fact, a rather precious old queen -- ''Did men die because of Acquired for the French royal collection in 1685. Series painted for Paul Frart de Chantelou. Testamentara Carlos III, Buen Retiro, 1794. Seneca was a Roman Stoic philosopher who was noteworthy throughout his life for his enlightened thoughts and strength of character. The only affection he has is for a copy of the (fictitious) Death of Seneca by Poussin, which he managed to pick up on the cheap. The repercussions of that act are worked out in the following two. Was it, then, guilty embarrassment at being so privileged? The attributions vary notably from one art historian to another. Recent editions include: The tag Vita sine litteris mors ('Life without learning [is] death') is adapted from Epistle 82 (originally Otium sine litteris mors, 'Leisure without learning [is] death') and is the motto of Derby School and Derby Grammar School in England, Adelphi University, New York, and Manning's High School, Jamaica. When he discovers how treasonously he has been treated and that the cornerstone of his life, the Poussin painting of Seneca, has crumbled, he further discovers that his children may not be his. 271. Acquired by the French national collection in 1797. Blunt attributes it to Jean Lemaire, Rosenberg attributes it to Poussin, Collection of Andr Le Ntre, given to the king of France in 1693, Commissioned by the king of Spain, possibly the pendant to, Inscribed "Ni Pussin Fec" on the second shield from the right. / Alto, 2,70 metros.Ancho, 4,50 metros. They are addressed to Lucilius Junior, the then procurator of Sicily, who is known only . Front, lower right corner, El Siglo XIX en el Prado The Death of Seneca, by Peter Paul Rubens, c.1614, Alte Pinakothek, Munich. Romae. god, eventually he gets some serious espionage work to do, and carries it off with dispatch. The work is also the source for the phrase non scholae sed vitae: "We do not learn for school, but for life". Discover Poussin continued to paint three or four pictures a year in the 1650s, despite being increasingly ill. Slectionner At the age of 18, Poussin ran away from his hometown in Normandy, France, to Paris and began studying in the studios of the Flemish painters Ferdinand Elle and George Lallemand, who later became famous as the teachers of the great Nicolas Poussin. Copyright 2023. 309. Dominguez / 1871 It's apt, then, that in ''The Untouchable,'' really believe this, and neither does he. 1060. [10] Even if both writers had access to the imperial mail service, a letter from central Italy to Sicily would have taken four to eight days to travel. The plot of ''Athena'' involves a number of paintings, almost all of them fakes, by equally fake artists with names like Jean Vaublin, Johann Livelb, Giovanni Belli and L. E. van Ohlbijn -- all anagrams, Classifieds | Monday to Saturday from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sundays and holidays from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. Sundays and holidays from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. ", The Deaths of Seneca offers "the whole story" of this classical statesman and man of lettershis writings, the ancient accounts of his death and the Senecan tradition in art and literature, and how each played off the others over the centuries. Search within the 88942 Museum website results, Siegen, Westphalia (Germany), 1577 - Antwerp (Belgium), 1640, This canvas depicts the death of the Roman philosopher Seneca, who was accused of treason and obliged by Nero to commit suicide in the year 65AD. There is a Freddie in ''The Untouchable'' as well: the narrator's imbecile brother, who, midway through the novel, is sent away to a private nursing home where, shortly afterward, he dies. Cabinet minister. Regardless of how Seneca and Lucilius actually corresponded, it is clear that Seneca crafted the letters with a broad readership in mind. [21][22], The letters began to be widely circulated together from the twelfth-century onwards,[23] and around four hundred manuscripts of Seneca's letters are known. Fraudulently exported from France and acquired by the Cleveland Museum, then jointly acquired by them and the Louvre, Cleveland, Museum of Art, Paris, muse du Louvre, Passed into the hands of Armand Jean de Vignerot du Plessis then entered the French royal collection in 1665, Possibly painted for the Lyon businessman Jacques Srisier. Does something look wrong with this image? 87. Tacitus, in his Annals (15.60-64), describes the details and circumstances of Seneca's death. August, 2000. This canvas depicts the death of the Roman philosopher Seneca, who was accused of treason and obliged by Nero to commit suicide in the year 65AD. Print artworks available in our catalogue in high quality and your preferred size and finish. Sevilla Request artworks available in our catalogue in digital format. Monday to Saturday from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sundays and holidays from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. Sundays and holidays from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. It may be true that we only die once, but the death of the famous, especially a classical icon who wrote often and eloquently about death, can be analyzed and interpreted, retold and represented over and over again. The swags around the tall columns and monumental statues are more reminiscent of an opera set than the sober dwelling of a Roman exponent of stoicism. 62 Muerte de Sneca. Blunt becomes Victor Maskell, the untouchable of the book's title. 602-603. Nm. very heart and core of the novel, and of the character who animates it. 156-167 [158 f.1]. International | But we don't Catlogo de pinturas, I. Escuela flamenca, siglo XVII., The Art bulletin, 1979. Display cookies management, 2016 Petit Palais - City of Paris Fine Art Museum. SECCIN DE PINTURA EN SUS DIVERSAS CLASES, DIBUJOS Y GRABADOS EN LMINAS. His book looks at how Seneca's extensive writings on death have shaped historians' reporting on the drama of his self-inflicted death and how later interpreters have retold that story. 05.11.2010 - 23.01.2011, El rescate de la Antigedad Clsica en Andaluca -Did a lot of classical studies for poses off women. Vlieghe, Hans, Recesin a Matas Daz Padrn. These In letters and essays he spoke about swiftly-passing time and the shortness of life, urging his readers to ponder their mortality. Think how great a blessing is a timely death, how many have been injured by living longer than they ought.". Of three major representatives of "Menippean" satire, Varro, Seneca, and Petronius, two met their deaths at the hand of Nero, as did Lucan, another prominent poet. Then there's the Brevoort clan. [Nota al margen izquierdo] Este cuadro figuro / en la Exposicion de 1871 / y fue premiado con me- / dalla de 1 clase, siendo / adquirido por el govierno / en 9000 pesetas en / 28 Junio de 1873. Acquired by the dukes of Rutland in 17841785. / Alto 2'70 metros. was a surprise to everyone except him.'' Completed in 1642 in Paris. Vosters, Simon A., Rubens y Espaa: estudio artstico-literario sobre la esttica del Barroco, Ctedra, Madrid, 1990, pp. Travel, Help/Feedback | [1] Seneca often says that he is writing in response to a letter from Lucilius, although there is unlikely to have been a strict back-and-forth exchange of letters. This record has been reviewed by our curatorial staff but may be incomplete. 01.10.1992 - 01.12.1992, Exposiciones Nacionales del Siglo XIX. Owned by his heirs until its sale to present owner in 1958, Attribution supported by Blunt but rejected by Thuillier, Commissioned in 1628 at the instigation of cardinal Francesco Barberini for a side chapel of Saint Peter's basilica, Possibly painted as an altarpiece for the glise Saint-Jacques in Valenciennes. Dodero, E, 'Rubens e il dialogo con l'antico' En:, Rubens e la nascita del Barocco, Marsilio Editori,, 2016, pp. Drum, Hoop: As prominent patrons of the arts, the wealthy Barberini family helped shape the artistic landscape of the time. As befits a senior Roman figure, he had been invited to take his own life. Ponz, Antonio, Viage de Espaa: en que se da noticia de las cosas mas apreciables, y dignas de saberse, que hay en ella, VI, Atlas, Madrid, 1794; ed. 71-83 [79, 81 n.8]. [2], The 124 letters are arranged in twenty manuscript volumes, but the collection is not complete. The husband and wife open their veins, but death does not follow swiftly. Many powerful human themes figure here: death, suffering, injustice, grief, loyalty, revenge. This painting was commissioned by Cardinal Francesco Barberini. 103. Acquired in 1779 by Catherine II of Russia, Possibly commissioned by the duc de Crqui. The Death of Seneca is a 1773 painting by Jacques-Louis David, now at the Petit Palais in Paris. The painting is a replica produced in Rubenss studio of a work painted entirely by him now in the Alte Pinakothek, Munic. Museo Nacional del Prado">Museo Nacional del Prado, Sneca, despus de abrirse las venas, se mete en un bao y sus amigos, posedos de dolor, juran odio a Nern que decret la muerte de su maestro.